Opinion
Prof. A. D. Yahaya In The Annals Of Public Administration Scholarship In Nigeria
Published
1 year agoon

By
Tunji Olaopa
There is a way death compounds our sense of finality by adding also a sense of lack. When someone important dies, a big hole begins to gape in the fabric of human existence. That is the way I see the recent demise of Professor Aliyu Danlami Yahaya. The loss of this remarkable patriot, scholar, intellectual and public administrator reverberates in concentric circles from the immediate family out to the several communities of knowledge and practice that he had solidly influenced, and finally to the larger political science, public administration and policymaking academic networks and scholarship in Nigeria. There is no worse time for Nigeria to lose one of her brightest and best. Nigeria needs all the ideas she can bring together at this juncture in her national and political development. and she needs all the more those brains that have the capacity to translate those ideas into substantive framework that rings past lessons to bear on present circumstance to make a sense of our collective national direction.

Professor Aliyu Danlami Yahaya
But even more so, this is one death that will decimate the communities of knowledge and practice, from political science to public administration. From being the first indigenous head of department, from 1976 to 1981, of the illustrious Department of Political Science and International Studies, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, the late Prof. Yahaya spread the tentacle of his acute knowledge to the political science and public administration landscapes across Nigeria and indeed Africa. As the first indigenous head of department, Prof. Yahaya was saddled with the unenviable but significant task of overseeing the rapid Africanisation of the department, as well as the transformation of its pedagogical and curricular dynamics to fit the peculiarity of scholarship in a postcolonial environment.
My first contact with Prof. Yahaya was as a student of political science in the 1980s. This was through his serious scholarship. I am especially talking about his magisterial The Native Authority System in Northern Nigeria which discussed the trajectory that led to the emergence of the local government system. I would later come in contact with his other numerous and significant public policy papers when I was coming of age as a civil servant who is interested in formulating the theoretical foundation of the public service and its democratic mandate in Nigeria. By the time I finally met him in person as a member of the Prof. Ojetunji Aboyade-led Presidential Advisory Committee (PAC) set up by the Babangida administration (where he had replaced the late Prof. Y. A. Aliyu, I began to form an opinion about the relationship between his scholarship and his commitment to the communities of knowledge, practice and service. Other prominent members of the PAC were Dr Michael Omolayole, Prof. Isawa Elaigwu, Dr Effiong Essien, Prof. Ikenna Nzimiro and Prof. Francis Idachaba, I had just been seconded to the PAC from my entry-level appointment as a member of the Speech Writing and Policy Analysis Unit in the office of the president. In the deliberations of the PAC, Prof. Yahaya was on hand to provide the institutional analytic perspectives to the deliberations. He had earlier also served in IBB’s political bureau, alongside Dr Samuel Joseph Cookey, Edwin Madunagu, Tunde Adeniran, Mrs Hilda Adefarasin, Sam Oyovbare, and many others. This was at a critical juncture when Decree 43 of 1988, derived from the highly seminal reform recommendations of the renowned economist, Prof. Dotun Phillips, was in contention. By 2014, he had surfaced as a member of the National Constitutional Conference.
By the time he became the director-general of the Administrative Staff College of Nigeria (ASCON), the president of the National Political Science Association (NPSA), and then later the secretary-general of the African Association of Public Administration and Management (AAPAM), my doctoral research was in the works, while my reform reflection on the state of the Nigerian public service system had reached such an advanced stage for me to recognize the significance of someone of Yahaya’s scholarly caliber. There are two significant things I want to leave in my readers’ consciousness about the significance of Prof. A. D. Yahaya’s scholarship and service to Nigeria.
The first has to do with the relevance of intellectuals and their relationship with the government. Part of my advocacy for transforming the remit of the tertiary institutions’ mandate in Nigeria is the need for a robust town-and-gown relationship that unravels a collaborative effort which brings the best of scholarship and research deliverables to bear on the realities of the town. There is no other way by which to measure the significance of education than in its transformation of the lives of the people who ought to be the end users of academic research benefits. Scholars and intellectuals make the best critics, in most cases. But then criticisms must also have a modus operandi for the transformation of what is criticized. In other words, scholars and politicians are united in the one mandate of making the polity a better place for enhancing the well-being of the citizens, and of helping them to live the good life, according to Aristotle. In some critical cases, intellectuals have to make this cogent contribution by being actively involved in the running of government. I once made a distinction between public and political intellectuals: “While the former confronts the whole ensemble of government and governmental power from within the ambit of the dynamics of civil society, the latter is drawn into the framework of governmental functioning due to several circumstances and justifications.” In being drawn into government, the political intellectual is tasked with translating criticisms, projections and convictions to workable blueprints that could transform the operations of government.
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Like so many political intellectuals we have (Prof. Tunde Adeniran is one such for which my tribute to him activates this distinction), would activate democratic governance for Nigerians. In maneuvering his way through the often-fractious terrain of governmental intrigues and politics, Prof. Yahaya had to summon the best of his experience in mediating conflicts while attending efficiently to his responsibilities. The presence of such an astute scholar in government is supposed to bring direction and depth into policy design. I was thinking about Prof. Ojetunji Aboyade as I wrote this. All these political intellectuals bring a non-bureaucratic understanding of politics to complement the bureaucratic formulation and design dynamics that will aid the government in working better and more efficiently. As a badge of his enduring legacy, Prof. Yahaya is seen as an advocate for the poor. His book, The Native Authority System in Nigeria, was not just a historical piece that traced the metamorphosis of the native authority system into the local government system; it was also a piece of radical manifesto that outlines the oppression of the poor—or the talakawa—by the colonialists and their collaborators in the native authority. What else consolidates the relevance of any intellectual than to be seen as providing the radical theorizing that speaks truth to power about the conditions of the citizenry?
And this brings me to the second issue about the significance of Prof. Yahaya’s scholarship. This is the framework that this scholarship gives us to mediate between theory and practice. In administrative context, theory and practice are often grossly misunderstood and misapplied. Bureaucrats, for instance, often considered that they are the custodians of administrative practices while the scholars are only theorizing. The unstated assumption here is that theories are incidental to serious administrative practices. In the person of Prof. A. D. Yahaya, we have a postcolonial scholar-bureaucrat who embodied in his service the proper integration of both theory and practice that undermines the spurious attempt to distinguish between the two. Prof. Yahaya was a known powerful figure in the community of service and practice. From serving the state government to assisting the Nigerian government in advisory capacities, Prof. Yahaya also made himself a figure that regional, national and continental administrative associations rally round. He had that understanding of the relationship between the knowledge he had acquired and how that knowledge should be deployed in the understanding of administration and the deployment of policies to human concerns. I shared several platforms with him since 2000 when we were both keynote speakers, alongside Prof. M. J. Balogun and others, at the National Association for Public Administration and Management (NAPAM) and ASCON-organised conference of December 2000 to mark the 70th birthday of the late Prof. Adebayo Adedeji, including conferences of AAPAM, CAPAM, IIAS in Brussels, CAFRAD in Tangier, Morocco, the retreats of Federal Permanent Secretaries and numerous learning events organised in the Federal Civil Service at different times. He was also involved in the strategy development process for the public service reform strategy of 2003, and was with us at the roundtable facilitated at the Malborough House in London by the Commonwealth Office that interrogated the report of the diagnostic studies of the Management Services Office (MSO) that would later inform the National Public Service Reform Strategy for Nigeria in 2003.
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With others in the public administration scholarship like Adebayo Adedeji, Ladipo Adamolekun, Y. A. Aliyu, Augustus Adebayo, Alex Gboyega, George Oka Orewa, Ason Bur, Humphrey Nwosu, M. J. Balogun, Dele Olowu, Mufu Laleye, Victor Ayeni, Tijjani Bande, Dr. Mahmud Tukur, Dr. N. U. Akpan and many more, Prof. A. D. Yahaya exemplified a template of how scholarship should become engaged in the task of making the human society better than we met it.
I salute his memory!
Olaopa is a retired Federal Permanent Secretary & Professor of Public Administration, National Institute For Policy and Strategic Studies (NIPSS), Kuru, Jos tolaopa2003@gmail.com
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By Toyin Falola
“I do not feel obliged to believe that the same God who has endowed us with sense, reason and intellect has intended us to forgo their use.” – Galileo Galilei
Religion remains a much-debated issue, especially in Africa. It is one of the determining factors of our identity. It determines who we are, our beliefs, actions and reactions, and even our thought processes. Africans had their own culture and traditional religion until the advent of western civilization, which brought with it the ‘gift’ of Abrahamic religions—,Christianity and Islam—and judged African traditional religious practices as evil, pagan practice and witchcraft. The missionaries did a thorough job of making people believe that their religion was superior and righteous. Africans accepted these imported religions, and their traditional beliefs began to fade. Christianity and Islam are now the new order, and people are extremely devoted to these newly found Gods.
The Toyin Falola Interviews recently played host to music composer and songwriter, Beautiful Nubia. The question of Beautiful Nubia’s stance on religion pops up during the interview. He is known to promote African spirituality but has also defended foreign religions as advantageous. In response, he talks about his ancestral line: his paternal family were Olu Orogbo devotees (the Yoruba god of letters), and his maternal family were Ifa priests and Esu devotees. He said, “religion has always fascinated me like it gets people’s minds.” He opines that spirituality ties into what gets people so much into religion. Although he no longer practices religion, he affirms that these religions have positively influenced people to do good and show kindness to their fellow human beings.
He states, “Any organized religion has a set of dogma or doctrines they use to guide you to put you in there. You are there; it is like a strait jacket to keep you on the straight and narrow. Why I said religion is a good thing is because the purpose of this is to ensure that you stay on the straight and narrow, that you do good things.” We can agree that religion has contributed to the rise of morals to a certain extent, as the fear of God keeps many people from doing evil. It has curbed wickedness and negative traits inherent in humans and made many people see the world in a new light. Religion has spread the message of doing good and becoming a better human being.
Beautiful Nubia
The issue, however, is not the practice of these religions but the ability of leaders to sway people easily. Although imported religions have helped to stop the extremities of African religious practices, it has only accentuated people’s gullibility. Beautiful Nubia further states, “What is wrong with religion is that it gives certain people the power to use their followers. It is not the religion itself; it is the human beings who run these religious organizations who use their power to extract money from them and push them in the wrong direction.” Owning a church is one of the easiest and quickest ways to get rich, particularly in Nigeria. All that is needed to succeed in this business is to be a good actor, have nice clothes (suits, particularly), can win people over with words and give yourself an extraordinary title such as Rabbi.
It is common knowledge that the major reason why people attend church and Jumat services religiously are that they seek solutions to their problems. As much bad governance is enough to seek God’s intervention for various human issues ranging from terminal illnesses, protection, promotion, unhappiness, barrenness, unemployment, and marital problems, to poverty, which is an average African’s motivation to seek God’s face, also cause people to become staunch believers. To get swift, miraculous answers to these problems, many people fall prey to the traps of “men of God”, who only look to fill their pockets and bellies. This explains why a “pastor” would shut down his church after winning a 100 million Naira bet.
Pastors and Muslim clerics are considered mini gods who can do no wrong. The Bible verse, “touch not my anointed and do my prophet no harm,” is an ever-ready response by Christians in defense of their highly revered pastors who would not think twice before taking advantage of their desperation to get their problems solved. They forget that a “man of God” is first a man. Religion has rendered humans gullible to the extent that they excuse things their religious leaders do that are not even in tune with what is written in the Holy books. How do you explain a pastor who sleeps with a woman looking for the fruit of the womb and says his sperm is the anointing that will cause her to have her child? What do we say to a pastor who instructs his congregation to bring a greater percentage of their salaries to him so that God can answer their prayers? Should the man who claims to be an alfa but has exploited so many people in the name of being a ‘wonder healer’ be left alone? Churches and mosques nowadays see the desperation of people and feed off it. Many people come to church for prosperity and get ripped off the little they have, all in the name of miracles, signs and wonders. You could be in a church service and then suddenly hear the pastor say, “I see seven stars. I need seven people who will give the Lord Seven Hundred Thousand to come out now at the count of seven. One, Two…Seven!” You will be amazed at the number of people who will run to the altar to give the ‘Lord’ that amount of money in this present economy. Unsurprisingly, some borrow money to give to their pastors to receive blessings, then struggle to pay back the borrowed money. Monkey dey work, Baboon dey chop.
These men of God add false doctrines to their fraudulent, shady activities. Beautiful Nubia quotes his mother, a Christian singer, as saying, ” any church where they are a lot of people there, you know there are telling them lies there.” He made an example of a Muslim cleric who tells his followers that every other person is evil, an infidel and a pastor who tells his congregation that their Jesus is not a Jesus of poverty, that He died for them to be wealthy. It is now rare to find churches that preach about the kingdom of God and how to live a life that pleases God. Churches today entice and then mislead people.
Sometimes, people realize all these things are wrong but lack the courage to question these atrocities. According to Beautiful Nubia, “…as a child, you are fully indoctrinated, and as an adult, you are scared to question these beliefs.” Asking a pastor why he preaches only prosperity and how to get rich as a Christian would be considered as seeking the wrath of God because the pastor can call down fire to consume his ‘enemy’. Questioning an Imam on why he sleeps with young girls will only attract curses from the Quran on such a person, followed by “who are you to question God’s prophet? The ways and dealings of God are mysterious”. Really, who dares question these men of God? The fear that has been unconsciously programmed into your mind from a very young age holds your voice and makes you look away from the evils of these religious leaders.
This is not to say that there are no genuine men of God, but there is a plague of greedy religious leaders who, because of their power over their members, influence them to bend to their will while satisfying their greed and lust. “We should not focus too much on religion being our enemy. We need to focus more on ourselves, fix ourselves, and we can use traditional wisdom to do that”, says Nubia. The way we question and demand accountability from the government should be the same way we question our religious leaders. Not every “God says” is true. The Bible in 1 John 4:1 says, “Beloved , believe not every spirit, but try the spirits whether they are of God: because many false prophets are gone out into the world.” Many religious leaders are gods of their bellies and are only out to exploit people to put food in their fat stomachs and live expensive lifestyles with their poor congregation’s money. Child of God, shine ya eye!
This is Part 1 of the report on the interview with Beautiful on March 19, 2023. The extensive interview, which has received millions of views across different platforms, talks about the role of music in society. For the transcripts, see:
YouTube
https://youtube.com/watch?v=7fyHlf1QIsI
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By Toyin Falola
I
Death
Twilight-zone, Afterlife, What-Mays, and Whatnots;
Questions that transcend mortal thoughts.
Uncertainties plucked by the hands of certainty
pondering life beyond the galaxy.
Philosophies, religions, and sciences;
Ancient lenses to dissect and ponder.
Beliefs, opinions, and standpoints in their multiplicities;
Scalpels that open the heart of certain death
Blazing free the skins of uncertainty.
Science, a nobility I revere,
But it stammers answering to the afterlife.
For science is knowledge and knowledge from experience
But the dead neither speak, nor take records.
Their journeys, ordeals, triumphs or woes?
No one bears witness.
But as dead, we must all be witnesses;
witnesses that testify not.
So, for now, we survive the knowledge of death.
II
On my Agbàlàgbà head lies my Ọ́kpụ́ Ágwụ́
With eagle feathers, rare and honorable
Adorning it for three scores, a decade, and some more days.
I had flipped my Kente given by the Gaa
And danced to crescendos from Gàngàn drums
I have been celebrated and celebrating
For the miracles, I have worked with pen, paper, keyboard, and brain
I have taken the tales we tell in my village square beyond the Atlantic
Changed the songs that disdain us into appraisals
I have called my brothers not to point to our fathers’ house with their left hands
I have honed Africa and beyond
To answer the calls of the people’s need
I have reached the thinkable and done the unthinkable
So, I danced and keep dancing.
Suddenly, I felt a touch on my host?
Electrifying my hand, leg, brain, and my whole
Telling me that my jur from the Dinka people awaits me.
That my hourglass tells of crossing the bar.
I thought I knew what it was like,
But my grasping convictions of approaching jur were perceptions
Just surviving the death of the knowledge of death
So, arms wide open ready to abound
What was there to fear?
No catacomb of secrets
No palm oil-drenched white garments
I have taken many to my gourmet
To feast and to see.
What was there not to fear?
With medicine men and women,
Syringes, lights, water, ECG, Oximeters, voices, and touches
Hovering around me like a sacred etutu
Making conversations with me and beyond
I was thrown into a pool of reminiscence
one leg and a part of me were already in the boat
It beckoned but I heard another.
A loud voice like my mother’s.
Who takes a journey without locking his home?
Who takes the jur with unpatched palm fronds on his hut?
While the thunder rages up the sky?
The walls are broken and Balogun journeys?
So, I left the sea to clear the cobwebs and light up the night lamb.
The past few weeks have opened new lights of understanding to me. I now see the world from different hills and have helped to reach new resolutions. I know I have written about “transitioning to nothingness,” but my emphasis was on the “nothingness” with lesser attention on “transitioning.” I think we need to continue to ask questions. Philosophies, religion, sociology, psychology, science, and other ramifications are mere perceptions and we are uncertain. The transitioning occurs when death becomes an angel to hug not a beast to fear. We do not know what it entails but one must always endeavor to go with clean hands.
My recovery from an illness may have offered me a fresh opportunity to shout some more, point to societal needs, and settle unfinished businesses. No, not those caused by my personal undoing, but rather those of the people who would be left unguided, and for matters untold about life, society, and individuals. I can say I have passed through the lessons of tantra transfiguration, to use an elegant phrase that I recently came across, to move from secular to sacred activism. No one survives death because of its finality, but when it seems that you did, it is a renewed quest, offering a new purpose.
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By Tony Afejuku
The debate has progressed well so far. Our professors, whose strokes have centred on their fellow professor’s manned INEC have tried as best as they could not to confine their impressions solely to the prism of subjectivity. Even when their impressions seem to be subjective, they still make allowance for contrary views, for opposing views. This obviously gives clarity, objectivity and logic to the subject at hand. Is the will of INEC of a professor minder and mincer of words’ control the will of the people or of the masses? On whose side are the Professors who are as concerned as almost everybody is with what is going – or with what has gone on – primarily about our Presidential 2023 elections? Our Professors who are debating the subject constitute the courageous and prophetic Nigerian voices of our day. Their authentic and responsible thoughts are not restricted to the local or regional. They are also not confined to electoral duties and responsibilities expected of the umpire and the will that belongs elsewhere. The truth about the quality of leadership about our country and elsewhere is also told in the debate of the literati.
Professor (Mrs.) Razinatu Mohamed in her submission, in her salvo-cum-explosion actually, drew attention to Vice President Yemi Osinbajo’s explosive explosion in the presidency. If Professor Osinbajo had provided the right vice-presidential leadership there would not have been the need for him to explode as he did as per a viral video Professor Razinatu Mohamed referred her fellow debaters to. “What has he been doing in the eight years of their administration? Irritated my foot; he is complicit.” Not done, Professor Razinatu drew attention to the kind of leaders that Nigeria and Africa need: “Leaders that understand the rudiments of modern socio-economic development and systems; Leaders that understand the crux of requirements for economic growth. Leaders that could demonstrate to the rest of the world that just as the world needs Africa, African countries need the world in a symbiotic relationship and partnership context where assistance becomes a dual role…..”
Razinata’s concern is clear. Nothing in Nigeria will climb out of its hollow hole. In fact, the will of the people will remain hollow so long as a hollow mincer and minder is in charge of its electoral affairs.
Professor Da Sylva perhaps responds better to Professor Razinatu Mohamed’s algebraic stroke. “Unfortunately, Nigeria’s democracy is trapped in its primordial self-made ethnic and religious sentiments and so, standards, merit, competence and pedigrees are measured by their curious divides of religion and ethnic inclinations. Until we all come to realize that heavens help those who help themselves, Nigeria ain’t going no-where – meeen!”
But below is Professor Da Sylva’s sledge hammer response to Professor Razinatu Mohamed’s Osinbajo hammer blow:
“Prof Osinbajo’s office demands he does what he did. Besides, it shows maturity and spirit of sportsmanship on his part. Every loser in a game “healthily” contested, is naturally expected to do the same. The only difference which again shows Osinbajo’s magnanimity is that in this context, the contest under reference was neither healthy nor just. The umpire seemed compromised and merely worked to a prepared answer. Yet the gentleman did the needful. I guess, brothers and sisters, that we should put all that behind us, and work for our common good, and the wellbeing of the country, provided the mythical Aso cabal will let the President-elect be, and let the masses be, and as such, they should not create any cause for us to think otherwise, lest they provoke our sense of patriotism to take appropriate action! I guess that those were the reading or feelings of the dirty-minded Aso Villa cabal. People that kill with sword never wish that any folk should pass a sword over their heads, a wise saying goes in Yoruba. The human principalities simply suspected that should they allow PMB to give the VP the intended latitude, they might not be able to control him. I remember on his return from London, he commended the efforts of his VP while he was away. He said he would still continue acting while he would still have some more rest at home. The following day everything changed, PMB decided to take charge as the President. I suspected some back door politics was playing out. My co-debaters, quite naturally, you’ll agree with me that, it is not over-ambition or sheer opportunism as you might insinuate for any deputy in an office to aspire to the next higher office, in a legitimate manner, there is nothing really unusual about it, and it would amount to killing a mosquito with a sledge hammer, should Oshinbajo be crucified for that, if at all. And as for his wishing Buhari’s non-recovery, I think that, again, like my Sister R, is a little unkind and not fair to the gentleman who I know to be a servant of God. He knows as much as I do, by our true Christian orientation and Biblical injunctions that, should he ever wish Buhari’s death or wish him any form of misfortune in those trying periods of the President, God Almighty who we serve would deal mercilessly and ruthlessly with him. That is what Psalm 41:1-13 is all about. So rule that out, because it is not, and could never be in his character. I can vouch for him. Rather, I saw him in those times that he acted for his principal, as someone zealous and appreciative of the trust his principal invested in him, and as such he tried to do his very best to merit the trust and the opportunity! I know and I am also sure that this is what an IBK, or a Razinat, would have done too had they found themselves in a similar situation! It does not amount to wishing one’s principal any evil, not at all. Not everyone can be like Chief Obafemi Awolowo who resigned his position under Gowon when the regime became financially reckless shortly after the civil war. Awolowo also gave very profound argumentation to justify convincingly his actions. He also turned down some other appointments including the “49 Wise Men of the Constitution Drafting Committee.” Oshinbajo couldn’t have resigned, normally, and naturally his principal, PMB should have supported him as a capable successor, but again, the President’s ethnic and religious bigotry took the better part of the President. Besides, PMB’s mind was long poisoned against his VP, a clean job by the Aso Villa cabal. IBK, Lady R, until the faceless cabal is permanently silenced the wheel of Nigeria might continue to go round in a circle, and to nowhere in particular”.
And Professor IBK takes the floor: “Prof. DAO, yours is a powerfully convincing submission, at least in a large measure. Now I am willing to hold a slightly different opinion about Osinbajo. Yet, I cannot fathom why he chose to run against Tinubu, days or weeks after the latter had begun his campaign in the party primaries. There’s much we don’t know about why OSBJ decided to run against BAT. Nothing is wrong with that politically but a little problematic from an Ethical or, at least Moral, point of view. Osinbajo did a poor job of it and came out a distant 4th in the primaries. I think he didn’t read the situation correctly and was probably misled by some cabal of sorts. Either way Osinbajo made a politically fatal error in this regard. Perhaps he must have sensed, or was told, that BAT was not the anointed candidate, or that BAT would be crippled by some ill-health or a medical condition. I remember the party’s screening committee publicly recommending that only younger contestants would be recommended to the NWC or such. Clearly there was an attempt to sideline BAT. Whatever the explanation, Osinbajo make the error in his campaign of promising to be more Buhari than Buhari. A man despised by whole sections of the northern population, a man whose reputation for laziness and incompetence was on the ascendant. Anyway, all is now history and Osinbajo has not given a good account of himself in this particular case. Prof DAO, I think your concept of the Trickster should account for Osinbajo’s situation here. FULL DISCLOSURE: a very close family member of mine was drafted to head Osinbajo’s campaign effort in Kano. We discussed extensively about Osinbajo’s pledge to carry on with Buhari’s policies. There was bewilderment and shock within the members. A week later half of the membership resigned on account of Osinbajo’s increasing identification with Buhari’s policies. Many mistakenly thought that Osinbajo was Buhari’s anointed one! I could go on…”
Interestingly interesting and intriguingly intriguing, dear, dearly dear readers: this debate.
To be terminated by the columnist-terminator and terminator-columnist next week after Professor Olu Obafemi’s summation of the debate he presided over.
Afejuku can be reached via 08055213059.
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